明確に基本権と定めた例 New Zealand granted basic rights to five great ape species in 1999. Their use is now forbidden in research, testing, or teaching.
こっちは動物の権利説と人間の義務説に法律家の間でも見解の割れる事例 These precedents followed years of European legal efforts. In 1992, Switzerland amended its constitution to recognize animals as beings and not things. However, in 1999 the Swiss constitution was completely rewritten. A decade later, Germany guaranteed rights to animals in a 2002 amendment to its constitution, becoming the first European Union member to do so.
もちろんこれだけを以って人権とみなすかは懐疑的な向きもある(特別な地位を与えたとは認めてる) http://pactiss.org/2008/05/28/should-the-great-apes-have-rights/ The project has had some degree of success. New Zealand considered the possibility of extending human rights to great apes in 1999 as part of its new animal welfare bill. In the end, the bill did not go so far as granting apes individual legal rights, but did give them special status. 事実上、利用からの完全解放だとも書いてるけどね。だから権利説が成り立つ。 Testing or teaching involving apes now requires government approval and must demonstrate that any likely benefits are not outweighed by harm to the individual animal. In effect, that means no biomedical testing, only behaviouraland physiological studies that increase our understanding of these species.
あと小規模だけど確かな例 wiki On February 28, 2007 the parliament of the Balearic Islands, an autonomous community of Spain, passed the world's first legislation that would effectively grant legal personhood rights to all great apes.[3] これは先のソースでNZの権利説に否定的見解を出した人すら完全に認めている http://pactiss.org/2008/05/28/should-the-great-apes-have-rights/ If Hiasl lived in Mallorca or any other of Spain’s Balearic Islands the story would be quite different. In February this year, the regional parliament made history by becoming the first to recognise the individual rights of chimps, bonobos, gorillas and orang-utans, giving them similar status to a child or dependent adult. Any apes living in the Balearic Islands are no longer property to be owned but instead are protected by guardians, who must ensure that their rights to freedom from torture, mistreatment and unnecessary death are being respected. The Spanish parliament will decide this summer whether to follow suit for the rest of Spain.